This Google article was nice as a high level overview of Iceberg V3. I wish that the V3 spec (and Iceberg specs in general) were more readable. For now the best approach seems to be read the Javadoc for the Iceberg Java API. [0]
This new version has some great new features, including deletion vectors for more efficient transactions and default column values to make schema evolution a breeze. The full article has all the details.
[0] https://javadoc.io/doc/org.apache.iceberg/iceberg-api/latest...