Ask HN: Why are dating apps so bad? Why hasn't anyone made a good one?

26 1270018080 64 6/1/2025, 10:19:02 PM
Almost all dating apps that have achieved the exponentially growing network effect have been acquired and subsequently enshittified by Match Group. The intent of these apps is to keep you single and spending money. I think Bumble is the only large scale independent app but they've managed to enshittify themselves too.

So let's assume there is a deficit in the market for dating apps that are actually good. So why hasn't one been made?

Definition of a good dating app: An app with no dark patterns where you can find dates and relationships.

Ideas:

- By internet standards, the market is so mature people aren't motivated to download another app. You're never going to get enough of a positive feedback loop from the network effect.

- No one has made a good app yet.

- A majority of humans aren't compatible with online dating for one reason or another. Maybe they prefer dating in person. Maybe they're unattractive (physically or personality wise), bad at selecting partners, egotistical, selfish, lazy etc. So even if the app itself is good, the users aren't, and maybe the app isn't going to be able to fix the above issues.

Comments (64)

wryoak · 11h ago
The number one problem with dating apps is that they position themselves for self-selection and most people fail to select appropriate mates when given a whole shopping mall’s worth of candidates. I would never have swiped right on my current partner (7ish years). Or my first spouse, either. Two highly fulfilling relationships in my life that I never expected or tried to manifest initially.

People can generally identify when they have chemistry with someone, but not when they will have chemistry with someone, and most dating apps are run on the idea that you select whom you want to have chemistry with. Not whom you can or will, but want to have. All dating apps will converge to garbage because they focus on choice in love, rather than chance. They don’t throw you into a room with random people and let the real relationships blossom and the false ones fall away, they tell you to pick from a lineup of people whole you have never talked to (and to be honest probably will never talk to), but in real life we talk to random folks, sometimes that unattainable hottie and sometimes the perhaps homely but amiable passerby, and find out the brute force way which ones make us spark. It’s not about the subscription fees or the with dating apps, it’s about the fundamental disconnect between the freedom of election and the inability to act. The promise of consumption without the serendipity necessary to facilitate it.

netsharc · 10h ago
Serendipity makes me think of Omegle. Which makes me think of a "Speed-Dating" app: you get connected to a random person like Omegle, but there's a time limit, say 3 minutes, and at the end of it you can decide to either extend the conversation or record a "nice talking to you, but I didn't feel any spark" video (a recording makes rejecting them less confrontational).

Users can give feedback whether the opposite user was rude or offensive, and the service should be quite strict about bans.

I wonder if it'd be a turn-off though, if you spend 30 minutes to talk to ~10 people you don't find attractive. Maybe there should be a Tinder-esque selection process, so when you're online, you'll get offered other profiles which are also online, and if you both swipe right you'll get to a video-chat within seconds.

Ouch, imagine the pain if you're online, swiping right, but never get connected to anyone. Another problem is that the hot people will always be in a conversation and their profiles will only rarely show up (since they won't be instantly available).

thatguymike · 10h ago
Harder to swipe in the bathroom as well. I reckon the meta would mean you have to be dressed nice and put on makeup just to sit down and scroll this app, which isn't usual app behavior.
fragmede · 9h ago
maybe that app wouldn't need to support that use case. if you're not comitted enough to find a relationship, maybe that's why they're not in one.
toomuchtodo · 10h ago
n=1, a friend met their husband on Omegle on opposite sides of the world. Might be on to something.
jmye · 8h ago
> I wonder if it'd be a turn-off though, if you spend 30 minutes to talk to ~10 people you don't find attractive. Maybe there should be a Tinder-esque selection process, so when you're online, you'll get offered other profiles which are also online, and if you both swipe right you'll get to a video-chat within seconds.

And here I was going to one up this - make it a three minute convo without video. If both people choose to continue, the video starts afterwards.

I think a not-insignificant number of people will find someone who was fun to talk to more attractive then they might at first glance. Might still be some misses, and the number of people who’d sign up is probably low, but I think you’d see more successful matches.

frizlab · 5h ago
happn was built on the concept of serendipity. “Find the people you’ve crossed path with” (tagline has now changed though).
josephcsible · 11h ago
> The intent of these apps is to keep you single and spending money.

Perhaps a different monetization model would fix that. The ideal outcome of a dating app for you, the user, is that you find someone to marry and spend the rest of your life with, and that means you won't need the app anymore. This means that for apps where the user is a source of ongoing revenue (either paying directly, or through ads), there is an perverse incentive for the app to want exactly what you said. An idea I've heard before would be an app where there's a one-time payment to join, and that's the only revenue ever generated by each user. Then their incentives would be aligned with yours.

throwaway314155 · 10h ago
> Perhaps a different monetization model would fix that. The ideal outcome of a dating app for you, the user, is that you find someone to marry and spend the rest of your life with, and that means you won't need the app anymore.

You're describing hinge. OP should probably try Hinge.

sxp · 8h ago
I recently canceled my subscription for Hinge. And the number of matches I'm getting in my last week is higher than the rest of the month. Hinge has the same incentives optimizing their algorithm as everyone else.
chneu · 6h ago
Hinge's algorithm has gone to crap. It's very obvious when they show your profile and when they don't. If you don't use their roses then the chances of a match go down drastically.
lesam · 10h ago
A quick search says Hinge charges a monthly subscription, is that not correct?
maroonblazer · 10h ago
One of Hinge's marketing messages is something along the line of "The app you're meant to delete."
apothegm · 9h ago
Marketing message !== company’s economic incentive.
throwaway314155 · 6h ago
Oh 100%. My understanding is that they still haven't caved to their economic incentive and that it's such a flooded market that they actually find it a differentiator. But yeah no one should trust dating apps to be honest for any amount of time.
throwawayffffas · 11h ago
> Definition of a good dating app: An app with no dark patterns where you can find dates and relationships.

Yep that's not going to happen. Taking all the dark patterns out is the easy part. But the find dates and relationships part is not a thing you can do on an app. Unless you are like a 9.

Most people are average, and to find a date and have a relationship they have to be in an environment where whoever is doing the picking does not have infinite options and may be open to lower their standards. Like say in a bar where the options are the people in the bar and their standards might be lower because of beer goggles.

In an app people get to be picky and gravitate towards the most desirable end of the bell curve.

JohnBooty · 8h ago
This contradicts reality as I have experienced it.

I think people tend to select people they perceive they'll actually have a chance with. Obviously, not everybody has a good handle on how desirable they are (or aren't) but generally, yeah.

Your logic -- which sounds a bit like incel logic -- also kind of assumes a 1-dimensional scale of 0-10 based on, what? Solely on conventional physical attractiveness? Not everybody buys into that, at least not as a sole criterion.

I know a lot of "not 9s and 10s" who found relationships/hookups online.

I actually used to run a sort of dating site back in the day. Hundreds of examples on there, and I know many more people who've met partners online outside of the one I ran.

What you are describing is certainly true of some places like Tinder that lends themselves to quick impulsive swiping and snap judgements based on looks alone.

toomuchtodo · 11h ago
A profitable dating app is orthogonal to what humans need to make meaningful connections.
liquidise · 9h ago
If you built an ideal dating service, where 100% of your customers pair with someone they would marry, you could charge huge sums and you'd have an endless stream of customers as people grew into marrying age.

Today's market dynamics are different (no such ideal exists), but all the drivers remain: at some age people care deeply about meeting someone and will pay for a service that gives them s fighting chance. As a former dating app cto, i believe the reasons we don't have services that brag about their match or marriage rates is not capitalist greed standing in the way of love. The problem of matching people via an app is a genuinely difficult problem for a number of fascinating reasons.

drekipus · 11h ago
this is the whole thing.
lesuorac · 10h ago
I'll agree its more profitable if you never lose customers and gain them over time but selling a product that doesn't do it's job will eventually cause customers to leave and never come back.

Why won't the end game be people just stop using Match Group's products?

Alternatively, if you're not already in the dating industry then making a successful match making product is just profit (and then you can pivot to not working ...).

dobladov · 2h ago
I wonder how well the dating app launched by the Japanese government is doing.

Having a somewhat high fee to enter, seems like a good way to cut those who are not interested in a real relationship.

> Registration costs 11,000 yen ($77), and membership is valid for two years.

https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2024/09/fce6ff5d9216-toky...

tibastral2 · 10h ago
Let's pretend you have good dating apps and bad dating apps at the time T. As soon as you find love on a dating app, they "lose" you as a user, you stop paying your monthly fee, and you leave the app. So I have a theory about dating apps. They give you somebody average, somebody that you could like enough, but not for too long, because YOU NEED TO COME BACK TO THE APP for them to succeed. So only the bad dating apps darwinely are being used more and more by people. They have more and more profiles (who doesn't find love).

It's called retention my friend, and it's the key metric for apps.

thorncorona · 10h ago
Or put the other way, only users which do not succeed at finding someone will stay long enough to grow the user base enough for the app to spread.
lmm · 10h ago
> So let's assume there is a deficit in the market for dating apps that are actually good. So why hasn't one been made?

What's the market? How are you going to get people to pay for a good dating app?

Fact is people (specifically women, since they're the audience that matters for dating app success) vote with their feet for dark patterns.

AStonesThrow · 9h ago
In a world of touch screen devices and OnlyFans fetishes, descriptions of women who "vote with their feet" carry a whole new set of mental images!
popularonion · 11h ago
In the English speaking world, the biggest and most important dating app by far is Instagram.

Match Group should be considered an adult entertainment business, like the old Craigslist personals.

Actually, I just checked the market cap of MTCH, it’s $7.3 billion - about in line with the $8 billion valuation being floated for OnlyFans.

mlinhares · 11h ago
I haven't been in the dating market for a while but I kinda have the same feels. Trouble here is that instagram is only functional if you have a real friends group that can seed your instagram, otherwise random people will mostly just ignore you, in that sense the dating apps do have something instagram doesn't.
speakfreely · 10h ago
Yes, Instagram is your social resume. Most people use Instagram to "verify" you even if they find you on a dating app.
f_allwein · 6h ago
Random thoughts:

- are there any measurable factors indicating someone is a good match? Okcupid claimed to match people with others who gave similar answers to their questions, but I had some fates with a high match % and still no chemistry.

- speaking of chemistry, check out https://smell.dating/ . No idea if it works, but at least it’s a novel approach.

- people have different goals, from finding love to sex/ friends/ … (and may not be open about this). Can an app take that into account?

- I heard from several girls that guys sometimes open conversations with direct sexual remarks, which violates the mind set of „natch - have a conversation - get to know each other irl if there’s any chemistry“. How to handle this?

Euphorbium · 11h ago
okcupid was a perfect app before match bought them and ruined it.
crooked-v · 10h ago
That's exactly it. As soon as any dating app has significant traction, Match buys it out and Tinder-ifies it to extract more money from the userbase while coasting on the previous brand value.
solardev · 11h ago
I feel like the only way this could work and NOT be enshittified is if it were not-for-profit and community-driven, such that the basic matching algorithm was known to all, customizable for each user, and not subject to a profit motive.

I'd prefer such a thing be free and open-source with a community of stewards, kinda like Wikipedia, but without as much nepotism and hierarchy as their admins. It would also have to be end-to-end encrypted so individual users don't give up their privacy to some central server. There would have to be some interesting fancy encryption so that matches can stay private (or at least encrypted) as well.

To help pay for network resources, people could voluntarily contribute, say, $10 after a nice date, and maybe $100 if they stay together for at least a year (or whatever).

Implemented poorly, it would turn into a massive honeypot and privacy nightmare :( But I would love to see something that happen, just for the sake of making happier people and families.

-------

I met many of my exes on OkCupid; it used to be a wonderful service before Match.com bought it and turned it into every other swipe-based dating app. But even after that, I still managed to meet my current partner (of 4+ years) on it... I'm not particularly attractive or disgusting, just average, but got lucky and found my person. Many friends met their SOs online as well. For my generation (millennials) it's pretty common. I'm all for these services, I just wish they weren't so profit-driven.

toomuchtodo · 11h ago
solardev · 11h ago
(Video discusses a dating app made by the Japanese government)

I heard about that recently and thought it was interesting, but that can probably only work in high trust cultures with stable governments. In the US, I don't think many people (of any political affiliation) would trust their government to play matchmaker and see all their private messages.

It's a lot easier to make a centralized dating app with a regular server client model than some sort of decentralized peer to peer thing, where the central admins couldn't peek at everyone's matches and private messages and photos.

That Japanese app is also pretty invasive and only supports traditional monogamous marriages leading to childbirth. A western one probably wouldn't and couldn't have the same mentality, unless it wanted to be eHarmony (which, early on, was very strict about who could join).

sublinear · 7h ago
Because experiencing the actual relationship is done offline and most people have higher standards? Why bother?

This is like asking why nobody has made a delivery app that ensures you never get missing or damaged items. Those things cannot be controlled online. All those issues occur offline.

apothegm · 9h ago
A good dating app would be paradoxical. For a dating app to be appealing, it needs a big enough network. But if it’s effective it’s constantly shedding users and shrinking its network.

Even absent economic incentives to monetize users indefinitely with subscriptions, a good dating app almost by definition has awful retention. And that will quickly kill an app that relies on network effects.

duxup · 12h ago
Would it be ... profitable?

One of the issues with modern apps is users don't want to pay, so right away you have an issue where you end up tied to advertising dollars and things go down hill from there.

Granted I'm with you, I think the same thing about a lot of apps / classes of apps.

bravesoul2 · 11h ago
And open source can't save this because you need money for operations such as dealing with spam, fraud, scams and other criminal activity.
apopapo · 9h ago
If we managed to have decentralized social networks based on ActivityPub (Mastodon, Pleroma, etc.) why can't we have a dating app based on the same protocols?
ferociouskite56 · 11h ago
The owners censor and discriminate without monopoly regulation. Success depends on many women joining but in my experience they don't enjoy texting. Obviously there's too many scammers.
jrozner · 10h ago
For the most part, everything in your last point is something you can’t solve with an app. Virtually all of that would be problematic meeting someone in any other way and for the most part is all within your control to change. Sure, there are limits to what you can do about conventional attractiveness but there is a lot within your control for most people. Most of those issues you brought up are things that the vast majority of people don’t want in a partner no matter how you meet them. If you like those attributes about yourself you might eventually find someone compatible but if you don’t, most/all of those are things you can address by going to therapy and working on it.
Incipient · 9h ago
The fundamental flaw I see is, a "good" app matches people quickly, so they decline their user base.

Essentially its an impossible or non business model.

bravesoul2 · 11h ago
The trick is don't use dating apps at all. Do social activities.

I feel like the major defence against enshittification is being more offline.

danpalmer · 9h ago
The business model is famously hard. I wonder if you could make a business model out of an explicit matchmaking service, i.e. you pay when you match, not just to exist on the platform, so that the incentives are more closely aligned. Policing it such that you actually get paid, decisions around what constitutes a sufficient relationship to pay, etc, would all be hard.

Similar to real estate in a way (as far as the model goes, nothing else), in that you can have a house on the market for pretty much as long as you like while the agent attempts to find a "match".

Supposedly this sort of thing exits at the very high end of the market, millionaires aren't on Tinder, they're paying large sums of money to be set up on dates by a human who is actually considering the people involved. Making services for the rich more accessible is often a winning business strategy.

29athrowaway · 11h ago
1. Dating apps = a monopoly (Match group)

2. User generated content = moderation hell

3. User to user interactions + emotions = Higher chance of crime

4. It is not for dating, it is for revenue source

5. The gender ratios are asymmetric

6. Men swipe right to everything

7. It is a sea of dead profiles, fake profiles, people looking for attention and not dating, etc.

8. Used also by scammers, sex workers, influencers looking for followers.

crooked-v · 10h ago
OkCupid got the closest to handling that gender disparity in reactions by using all those quizzes to point specific subsets of people at each other, but that era died when Match bought them out.
29athrowaway · 10h ago
OkCupid enables people to set any location they want. So many likes are from distant locations, and "see who likes you" is often a massive disappointment.
mrayycombi · 9h ago
Some ideas:

1. Profile quality (and honesty) varies wildly. Peacock and dishonest profiles dominate.

2. There is no Hobsons choice mechanism to force rotation among matches.

3. There are no incentives to respond or follow up.

4. Fake profiles benefit the platform but you have a bootstrap problem if you have no users. Plausible AI fakes will make this worse

5. There is no web of trust- if someone meets someone they could assert trust even at a low level. If I trust anyone in their web this would vet against fake profiles.

I could go on...

msgodel · 10h ago
Dating apps reveal the flaws in the way people reason about sex. Most of the apps are fine, it's the people and the way they're approaching life that's the problem. No one wants to have the conversations needed to fix that though.
drewcoo · 3h ago
Because good dating apps attract Match.
deadbabe · 10h ago
With declining birth rates I wonder if there is room in the market for government backed dating apps, which could potentially make use of data and incentive programs that commercial apps could only dream of.
lmm · 10h ago
Already happening in Tokyo.
orionblastar · 11h ago
I met my wife in church, my mother introduced us. I was on a dating BBS with a matchmaker program that asked questions and computed compatibility rates. It didn't work out either, and there were too many men and very few women.
solardev · 11h ago
That seems to be a huge advantage of religious communities when it comes to passing on lineages. They have a built-in in-group of potential partners from similar backgrounds and values to choose from, and many times they would already be known and vetted by family and friends.

Of course that can also lead to marriages of social convenience rather than romantic love (for better or worse) and, in tragic circumstances, situations like the FLDS church where women and girls are just traded between old men as sex slaves. That's an extreme though.

How have the religious couples you've known turned out? I've known a few, and some are still happily together years later while others have separated. Often they get married just to finally be "allowed" to have sex.

nemomarx · 11h ago
For better or worse, I do feel like no divorce was part of this formula in terms of stability and keeping the community doing the same things going forward? It probably still works at a reduced efficiency now though.
drivingmenuts · 10h ago
> to keep you single and spending money.

You partially answered your own question.

OutOfHere · 10h ago
A good dating app optimized for relationships would disallow a user from having more than five matches at a time, and it would delist the user from search and further matching while they have five matches. Moreover, if the user is non-responsive to solicitations, if only to reject them, the user would again get delisted until their queue had no more than five pending solicitations. Being inactive on the app for seven days, as defined by taking no action in the app, also leads to a delisting.

Secondly, money would be charged per message, perhaps 50 cents per received and sent message, so a dollar in total, instead of a subscription fee. This prevents wasteful messages and wasteful matches too. A user can at a time send only one message to another user until a reply is received. The cost is meant to force them off of the app rather soon.

Thirdly, humans would at repeated intervals have to prove that they're human by uploading a video of them performing a particular blinking or bodily action, also their ID photo, about the same as was done by login.gov for user registration. Elite users would also be required to share annual STI panel test results, with their matches getting restricted to anything that both test positive for, and in exchange their limits will be increased from five to seven.

These days, pictures can be quite fake, so only videos would be accepted, no shorter than 15 seconds in length, and the app will auto-extract pictures from the videos, also matching them to the ID photo and verification video. Any videos older than one year would be deleted.

mattl · 10h ago
Twitter was a good dating app until Twitter was killed off.
bloqs · 11h ago
of course they have made them. OG tinder was phenomenally good. i know many people that met their matches and many one night stands beforehand.

the question you should be asking is why do all good things become bad in any given capitalist marketplace? the answer was asserted by Karl Marx a long time ago.

halpow · 10h ago
Can anyone explain to me how Tinder changed exactly? I don’t think it did, it's just that people learned how to use it better (rather, women learned to be vastly more selective on it and/or pile up matches without replying to anyone)
cranberryturkey · 11h ago
we're building one now. barcrush.app
freeone3000 · 11h ago
I’m not able to complete sign-up on Safari mobile.
cranberryturkey · 9h ago
It’s not ready yet.