DevEco Testing: Official Automation Testing Tool for HarmonyOS Applications

# DevEco Testing: Official Automation Testing Tool for HarmonyOS Applications

 

> These notes provide a high-level overview and may contain inaccuracies. For detailed information, please refer to the official documentation.

## 1. Test Framework Architecture

DevEco Testing is built on the JUnit5 extension mechanism and adopts a layered testing strategy:

1. Unit Testing Layer: Covers business logic components (Service/Manager)

2. Component Testing Layer: Validates Ability/Extension functionalities

3. System Testing Layer: Verifies multi-device collaborative scenarios

Core capabilities include:

* ArkTS Test Engine: Supports asynchronous task validation

* Device Shadow Mode: Simulates multi-device collaborative environments

* Data Sandbox: Isolates test data from production environments

## 2. Unit Testing Implementation

### 1. Test Case Specifications

``` typescript ```

``` // Example: Asynchronous Task Validation @Test async function testAsyncTask() { const result = await DataService.fetchData(); assertEquals(result.code, 200); assertTrue(Array.isArray(result.data)); } ```

### 2. Mock Service Configuration

Dependency isolation using @Mock annotations:

``` typescript ```

``` // Mock network service @Mock class NetworkService { @InjectMock async fetchData(): Promise<Data> { return { code: 200, data: mockData }; } } ```

### 3. Test Coverage

Line-level coverage reporting:

``` markdown ```

``` ------------------------- Test Coverage Report ------------------------- Module | Line Coverage | Branch Coverage ----------------------------------------------- CoreService | 82% | 75% UIComponent | 91% | 88% NetworkModule | 67% | 63% ```

## 3. UI Automation Testing

### 1. Component Localization Strategies

| Strategy | Use Case | Example Code | | :---------- | :----------------------- | :-------------------------------------------- | | resource-id | Stable element ID | component.findComponentById('btn_submit') | | text | Dynamic content matching | component.findComponentsByText('Submit') | | xpath | Complex hierarchy | component.findByXPath('//[@text="Confirm"]') |

### 2. Gesture Simulation

``` typescript ```

``` // Swipe Operation Example test('Swipe Test', async () => { await gesture.swipe({ startX: 500, startY: 1500, endX: 500, endY: 500, duration: 800 }); await expect(component).toHaveText('New Content'); }); ```

### 3. Exception Scenarios

Network fluctuation simulation: device.simulateNetwork('3G')

* Memory pressure testing: device.fillMemory(80%)

* Low battery testing: device.setBatteryLevel(15%)

## 4. CI/CD Integration

### 1. Pipeline Configuration

``` yaml ```

``` # devops-ci.yaml stages: - name: unit-test script: - npm run build - npm run test:unit -- --coverage

  - name: ui-test
    device:
      type: emulator
      config: phone_2k
    script:
      - npm run test:ui -- --headless

```

### 2. Test Reporting

Output formats:

``` bash ```

``` test-results/ ├── junit.xml # CI system integration └── report.html # Visual analysis report ```

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