Generative AI coding tools and agents do not work for me

I'm not sure I get this one. When I'm learning new tech I almost always have questions. I used to google them. If I couldn't find an answer I might try posting on stack overflow. Sometimes as I'm typing the question their search would finally kick in and find the answer (similar questions). Other times I'd post the question, if it didn't get closed, maybe I'd get an answer a few hours or days later.

Now I just ask ChatGPT or Gemini and more often than not it gives me the answer. That alone and nothing else (agent modes, AI editing or generating files) is enough to increase my output. I get answers 10x faster than I used to. I'm not sure what that has to do with the point about learning. Getting answers to those question is learning, regardless of where the answer comes from.

In my experience it's that they dump the code into a pull request and expect me to review it. So GenAI is great if someone else is doing the real work.

But it's important to realize that AI coding is itself a skill that you can develop. It's not just , pick the best tool and let it go. Managing prompts and managing context has a much higher skill ceiling than many people realize. You might prefer manual coding, but you might just be bad at AI coding and you might prefer it if you improved at it.

With that said, I'm still very skeptical of letting the AI drive the majority of the software work, despite meeting people who swear it works. I personally am currently preferring "let the AI do most of the grunt work but get good at managing it and shepherding the high level software design".

It's a tiny bit like drawing vs photography and if you look through that lens it's obvious that many drawers might not like photography.

I haven't observed any software developers operating at even a slight multiplier from the pre-LLM days at the organisations I've worked at. I think people are getting addicted to not having to expend brain energy to solve problems, and they're mistaking that for productivity.

As someone who uses Claude Code heavily, this is spot on.

LLMs are great, but I find the more I cede control to them, the longer it takes to actually ship the code.

I’ve found that the main benefit for me so far is the reduction of RSI symptoms, whereas the actual time savings are mostly over exaggerated (even if it feels faster in the moment).

The author writes "reviewing code is actually harder than most people think. It takes me at least the same amount of time to review code not written by me than it would take me to write the code myself". That sounds within an SD of true for me, too, and I had a full-time job close-reading code (for security vulnerabilities) for many years.

But it's important to know that when you're dealing with AI-generated code for simple, tedious, or rote tasks --- what they're currently best at --- you're not on the hook for reading the code that carefully, or at least, not on the same hook. Hold on before you jump on me.

Modern Linux kernels allow almost-arbitrary code to be injected at runtime, via eBPF (which is just a C program compiled to an imaginary virtual RISC). The kernel can mostly reliably keep these programs from crashing the kernel. The reason for that isn't that we've solved the halting problem; it's that eBPF doesn't allow most programs at all --- for instance, it must be easily statically determined that any backwards branch in the program runs for a finite and small number of iterations. eBPF isn't even good at determining that condition holds; it just knows a bunch of patterns in the CFG that it's sure about and rejects anything that doesn't fit.

That's how you should be reviewing agent-generated code, at least at first; not like a human security auditor, but like the eBPF verifier. If I so much as need to blink when reviewing agent output, I just kill the PR.

If you want to tell me that every kind of code you've ever had to review is equally tricky to review, I'll stipulate to that. But that's not true for me. It is in fact very easy to me to look at a rote recitation of an idiomatic Go function and say "yep, that's what that's supposed to be".

This is the piece that confuses me about the comparison to a junior or an intern. Humans learn about the business, the code, the history of the system. And then they get better. Of course there’s a world where agents can do that, and some of the readme/doc solutions do that but the limitations are still massive and so much time is spent reexplaining the business context.

There’s your issue, the skill of programming has changed.

Typing gets fast; so does review once robust tests already prove X, Y, Z correctness properties.

With the invariants green, you get faster at grokking the diff, feed style nits back into the system prompt, and keep tuning the infinite tap to your taste.

Using them for larger bits of code feels silly as I find subtle bugs or subtle issues in places, so I don't necessarily feel comfortable passing in more things. Also, large bits of code I work with are very business logic specific and well abstracted, so it's hard to try and get ALL that context into the agent.

I guess what I'm trying to ask here is what exactly do you use agents for? I've seen youtube videos but a good chunk of those are people getting a bunch of typescript generated and have some front-end or generate some cobbled together front end that has Stripe added in and everyone is celebrating as if this is some massive breakthrough.

So when people say "regular tasks" or "rote tasks" what do you mean? You can't be bothered to write a db access method/function using some DB access library? You are writing the same regex testing method for the 50th time? You keep running into the same problem and you're still writing the same bit of code over and over again? You can't write some basic sql queries?

Also not sure about others, but I really dislike having to do code reviews when I am unable to really gauge the skill of the dev I'm reviewing. If I know I have a junior with 1-2 years maybe, then I know to focus a lot on logic issues (people can end up cobbling toghether the previous simple bits of code) and if it's later down the road at 2-5 years then I know that I might focus on patterns or look to ensure that the code meets the standards, look for more discreet or hidden bugs. With an agent output it could oscilate wildly between those. It could be a solidly written search function, well optimized or it could be a nightmarish sql querry that's impossible to untangle.

Thoughts?

I do have to say I found it good when working on my own to get another set of "eyes" and ask things like "are there more efficient ways to do X" or "can you split this larger method into multiple ones" etc

What I personally find is. It's great for helping me solve mundane things. For example I'm recently working on an agentic system and I'm using LLMs to help me generate elasticsearch mappings.

There is no part of me that enjoy making json mappings, it's not fun nor does it engage my curiosity as a programmer, I'm also not going to learn much from generating elasticsearch mappings over and over again. For problems like this, I'm happy to just let the LLM do the job. I throw some json at it and I've got a prompt that's good enough that it will spit out results deterministically and reliably.

However if I'm exploring / coding something new, I may try letting the LLM generate something. Most of the time though in these cases I end up hitting 'Reject All' after I've seen what the LLM produces, then I go about it in my own way, because I can do better.

It all really depends on what the problem you are trying to solve. I think for mundane tasks LLMs are just wonderful and helps get out of the way.

If I put myself into the shoes of a beginner programmer LLMs are amazing. There is so much I could learn from them. Ultimately what I find is LLMs will help lower the barrier of entry to programming but does not mitigate the need to learn to read / understand / reason about the code. Beginners will be able to go much further on their own before seeking out help.

If you are more experienced you will probably also get some benefits but ultimately you'd probably want to do it your own way since there is no way LLMs will replace experienced programmer (not yet anyway).

I don't think it's wise to completely dismiss LLMs in your workflow, at the same time I would not rely on it 100% either, any code generated needs to be reviewed and understood like the post mentioned.

Human experts excel at first-principles thinking precisely because they can strip away assumptions, identify core constraints, and reason forward from fundamental truths. They might recognize that a novel problem requires abandoning conventional approaches entirely. AI, by contrast, often gets anchored to what "looks similar" and applies familiar frameworks even when they're not optimal.

Even when explicitly prompted to use first-principles analysis, AI models can struggle because:

- They lack the intuitive understanding of when to discard prior assumptions

- They don't naturally distinguish between surface-level similarity and deep structural similarity

- They're optimized for confident responses based on pattern recognition rather than uncertain exploration from basics

This is particularly problematic in domains requiring genuine innovation or when dealing with edge cases where conventional wisdom doesn't apply.

Context poisoning, intended or not, is a real problem that humans are able to solve relatively easily while current SotA models struggle.

    write a stub for a react context based on this section (which will function as a modal):
    ```
        <section>
         // a bunch of stuff
        </section>
    ```

Now, I can just do `const myModal = useModal(...)` in all my components. Cool. This saved me at least 30 minutes, and 30 minutes of my time is worth way more than 20 bucks a month. (N.B.: All this boilerplate might be a side effect of React being terrible, but that's beside the point.)

> The quality of the code these tools produce is not the problem.

So even if an AI could produce code of a quality equal to or surpassing the author's own code quality, they would still be uninterested in using it.

To each their own, but it's hard for me to accept an argument that such an AI would provide no benefit, even if one put priority on maintaining high quality standards. I take the point that the human author is ultimately responsible, but still.

I had AI create me a k8s device plugin for supporting sr-iov only vGPU's. Something nvidia calls "vendor specific" and basically offers little to not support for in their public repositories for Linux KVM.

I loaded up a new go project in goland, opened up Junie, typed what I needed and what I have, went to make tea, came back, looked over the code to make sure it wasn't going to destroy my cluster (thankfully most operations were read-only), deployed it with the generated helm chart and it worked (nearly) first try.

Before this I really had no idea how to create device plugins other than knowing what they are and even if I did, it would have easily taken me an hour or more to have something working.

The only thing AI got wrong is that the virtual functions were symlinks and not directories.

The entire project is good enough that I would consider opensourcing it. With 2 more prompts I had configmap parsing to initialize virtual functions on-demand.

My company just had internal models that were mediocre at best, but at the beginning this year they finally enabled Copilot for everyone.

At the beginning I was really excited for it, but it’s absolutely useless for work. It just doesn’t work on big old enterprise projects. In an enterprise environment everything is composed of so many moving pieces, knowledge scattered across places, internal terminology, etc. Maybe in the future, with better MCP servers or whatever, it’ll be possible to feed all the context into it to make it spit something useful, but right now, at work, I just use AI as search engine (and it’s pretty good at it, when you have the knowledge to detect when it have subtle problems)

There are other times when I am building a stand-alone tool and am fine wiht whatever it wants to do because it's not something I plan to maintain and its functional correctness is self-evident. In that case I don't even review what it's doing unless it's stuck. This is more actual vibe code. This isn't something I would do for something I am integrating into a larger system but will for something like a cli tool that I use to enhance my workflow.

The distinction isn't whether code comes from AI or humans, but how we integrate and take responsibility for it. If you're encapsulating AI-generated code behind a well-defined interface and treating it like any third party dependency, then testing that interface for correctness is a reasonable approach.

The real complexity arises when you have AI help write code you'll commit under your name. In this scenario, code review absolutely matters because you're assuming direct responsibility.

I'm also questioning whether AI truly increases productivity or just reduces cognitive load. Sometimes "easier" feels faster but doesn't translate to actual time savings. And when we do move quicker with AI, we should ask if it's because we've unconsciously lowered our quality bar. Are we accepting verbose, oddly structured code from AI that we'd reject from colleagues? Are we giving AI-generated code a pass on the same rigorous review process we expect for human written code? If so, would we see the same velocity increases from relaxing our code review process amongst ourselves (between human reviewers)?

The author is one who appears unwilling to do so.

Yep, this is pretty much it. However, I honestly feel that AI writes so much better code than me that I seldom need to actually fix much in the review, so it doesn't need to be as thorough. AI always takes more tedious edge-cases into account and applies best practices where I'm much sloppier and take more shortcuts.

Hard disagree. It's still way faster to review code than to manually write it. Also the speed at which agents can find files and the right places to add/edit stuff alone is a game changer.

Where AI especially excels is helping me do maintenance tickets on software I rarely touch (or sometimes never have touched). It can quickly read the codebase, and together we can quickly arrive at the place where the patch/problem lies and quickly correct it.

I haven't written anything "new" in terms of code in years, so I'm not really learning anything from coding manually but I do love solving problems for my customers.

Responsability and "AI" marketing are two non intersecting sets.

90% of my usage of Copilot is just fancy autocomplete: I know exactly what I want, and as I'm typing out the line of code it finishes it off for me. Or, I have a rough idea of the syntax I need to use a specific package that I use once every few months, and it helps remind me what the syntax is, because once I see it I know it's right. This usage isn't really glamorous, but it does save me tiny bits of time in terms of literal typing, or a simple search I might need to do. Articles like this make me wonder if people who don't like coding tools are trying to copy and paste huge blocks of code; of course it's slower.

I still use them, but more as a support tool than a real assistant.

To me the part I enjoy most is making things. Typing all that nonsense out is completely incidental to what I enjoy about it.

Is this possible in any way today? Does one need to use Llama or DeepSeek, and do we have to run it on our own hardware to get persistence?

I guess the author is not aware of Cursor rules, AGENTS.md, CLAUDE.md, etc. Task-list oriented rules specifically help with long term context.

Best counter claim: Not all code has the same risk. Some code is low risk, so the risk of error does not detract from the speed gained. For example, for proof of concepts or hobby code.

The real problem: Disinformation. Needless extrapolation, poor analogies, over valuing anecdotes.

But there's money to be made. What can we do, sometimes the invisible hand slaps us silly.

This truly is shocking. If you are reviewing every single line of every package you intend to use how do you ever write any code?

The concept of why can get nebulous in a corporate setting, but it's nevertheless fun to explore. At the end of the day, someone have a problem and you're the one getting the computer to solve it. The process of getting there is fun in a way that you learn about what irks someone else (or yourself).

Thinking about the problem and its solution can be augmented with computers (I'm not remembering Go Standard Library). But computers are simple machines with very complex abstractions built on top of them. The thrill is in thinking in terms of two worlds, the real one where the problem occurs and the computing one where the solution will come forth. The analogy may be more understandable to someone who've learned two or more languages and think about the nuances between using them to depict the same reality.

Same as the TFA, I'm spending most of my time manipulating a mental model of the solution. When I get to code is just a translation. But the mental model is difuse, so getting it written gives it a firmer existence. LLMs generation is mostly disrupting the process. The only way they help really is a more pliable form of Stack Overflow, but I've only used Stack Overflow as human-authored annotations of the official docs.

Also, the auto-complete with tools like Cursor are mind blowing. When I can press tab to have it finish the next 4 lines of a prepared statement, or it just knows the next 5 variables I need to define because I just set up a function that will use them.... that's a huge time saver when you add it all up.

My policy is simple, don't put anything AI creates into production if you don't understand what it's doing. Essentially, I use it for speed and efficiency, not to fill in where I don't know at all what I'm doing.

However, AI code reviewers have been really impressive. We run three separate AI reviewers right now and are considering adding more. One of these reviewers is kind of noisy, so we may drop it, but the others have been great. Sure, they have false positives sometimes and they don't catch everything. But they do catch real issues and prevent customer impact.

The Copilot style inline suggestions are also decent. You can't rely on it for things you don't know about, but it's great at predicting what you were going to type anyway.

Writing a bunch of orm code feels boring? I make it generate the code and edit. Importing data? I just make it generate inserts. New models are good at reformatting data.

Using a third party Library? I force it to look up every function doc online and it still has errors.

Adding transforms and pivots to sql while keeping to my style? It is a mess. Forget it. I do that by hand.

But despite all that, the tools can find problems, get information, and propose solutions so much faster and across such a vast set of challenges that I simply cannot imagine going back to working without them.

This fellow should keep on working without AIs. All the more power to him. And he can ride that horse all the way into retirement, most likely. But it's like ignoring the rise of IDEs, or Google search, or AWS.

I have not found it useful for large programming tasks. But for small tasks, a sort of personalised boiler plate, I find it useful

Commenter Doug asks:

> > what AI coding tools have you utilized

Miguel replies:

> I don't use any AI coding tools. Isn't that pretty clear after reading this blog post?

Doug didn't ask what tools you use, Miguel. He asked which tools you have used. And the answer to that question isn't clear. Your post doesn't name the ones you've tried, despite using language that makes clear you that you have in fact used them (e.g. "my personal experience with these tools"). Doug's question isn't just reasonable. It's exactly the question an interested, engaged reader will ask, because it's the question your entire post begs.

I can't help but point out the irony here: you write a great deal on the meticulousness and care with which you review other people's code, and criticize users of AI tools for relaxing standards, but the AI-tool user in your comments section has clearly read your lengthy post more carefully and thoughtfully than you read his generous, friendly question.

And I think it's worth pointing out that this isn't the blog post's only head scratcher. Take the opening:

> People keep asking me If I use Generative AI tools for coding and what I think of them, so this is my effort to put my thoughts in writing, so that I can send people here instead of having to repeat myself every time I get the question.

Your post never directly answers either question. Can I infer that you don't use the tools? Sure. But how hard would it be to add a "no?" And as your next paragraph makes clear, your post isn't "anti" or "pro." It's personal -- which means it also doesn't say much of anything about what you actually think of the tools themselves. This post won't help the people who are asking you whether you use the tools or what you think of them, so I don't see why you'd send them here.

> my personal experience with these tools, from a strictly technical point of view

> I hope with this article I've made the technical issues with applying GenAI coding tools to my work clear.

Again, that word: "clear." No, the post not only doesn't make clear the technical issues; it doesn't raise a single concern that I think can properly be described as technical. You even say in your reply to Doug, in essence, that your resistance isn't technical, because for you the quality of an AI assistant's output doesn't matter. Your concerns, rather, are practical, methodological, and to some extent social. These are all perfectly valid reasons for eschewing AI coding assistants. They just aren't technical -- let alone strictly technical.

I write all of this as a programmer who would rather blow his own brains out, or retire, than cede intellectual labor, the thing I love most, to a robot -- let alone line the pockets of some charlatan 'thought leader' who's promising to make a reality of upper management's dirtiest wet dream: in essence, to proletarianize skilled work and finally liberate the owners of capital from the tyranny of labor costs.

I also write all of this, I guess, as someone who thinks commenter Doug seems like a way cool guy, a decent chap who asked a reasonable question in a gracious, open way and got a weirdly dismissive, obtuse reply that belies the smug, sanctimonious hypocrisy of the blog post itself.

Oh, and one more thing: AI tools are poison. I see them as incompatible with love of programming, engineering quality, and the creation of safe, maintainable systems, and I think they should be regarded as a threat to the health and safety of everybody whose lives depend on software (all of us), not because of the dangers of machine super intelligence but because of the dangers of the complete absence of machine intelligence paired with the seductive illusion of understanding.

Which is kind of like if AI wrote it: except someone is standing behind those words.

But it’s also faster to read code than to write it. And it’s faster to loop a prompt back to fixed code to re-review than to write it.

That’s fine, but it’s an arbitrary constraint he chooses, and it’s wrong to say AI is not faster. It is. He just won’t let it be faster.

Some won’t like to hear this, but no-one reviews the machine code that a compiler outputs. That’s the future, like it or not.

You can’t say compilers are slow because I add on the time I take to Analyse the machine code. That’s you being slow.

Run three, run five. Prompt with voice annotation. Run them when normally you need a cognitive break. Run them while you watch netflix on another screen. Have them do TDD. Use an orchestrator. So many more options.

I feel like another problem is deep down most developers hate debugging other people's code and thats effectively what this is at times. It doesn't matter if your Associate ran off and saved you 50k lines of typing, you would still rather do it yourself than debug the code.

I would give you grave warnings, telling you the time is nigh, adapt or die, etc, but it doesn't matter. Eventually these agents will be good enough that the results will surpass you even in simple one task at a time mode.